IRB Expedited Review



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IRB
Expedited Review

All research meeting the definition of human subjects research at LSUHSC-S,must be conducted in accordance with all institutional policies, regulatory guidelines, and the ethical principles set forth in the Belmont Report.
Certain minimal risk cases that satisfy DHHS guidelines may be given an expedited review rather than the review of a fully convened IRB.

It is the policy of LSUHSC-S that only the IRB chair, or designated IRB committee member can determine if a research project qualifies for an expedited review rather than the review of a fully convened IRB. This determination is not made by the investigator.

The IRB designates that a research project qualifies for expedited review after a complete review of the research protocol and relevant attachments, the consent process and forms, careful consideration of the risks and benefits, confidentiality, voluntariness, safeguards and other aspects of the research project.

Approval Period for Expedited Protocols
Expedited protocols are given an approval period of one year. Each expedited protocol must be resubmitted to the IRB for continuing review prior to the expiration date to avoid a lapse in approval. All continuing reviews should be submitted on a Continuing Review Form. Also, each expedited protocol must be resubmitted to the IRB and approved prior to implementing any proposed modifications. All research modifications should be submitted on a Modification Request Form.
Certain modifications to previously expedited projects may require approval of a convened IRB. Such modifications are reviewed at the next available IRB meeting (see IRB Calendar), as appropriate and as allowed by the meeting agenda.

Expedited Review Criteria

This section gives the criteria for expedited reviews of human subjects research according to DHHS:
Categories of Research That May Be Reviewed by the IRB through an Expedited Review Procedure:
Applicability

Research activities that:
1. present no more than minimal risk to human subjects, and
2. involve only procedures listed in one or more of the following categories, may be reviewed by the IRB through the expedited review procedure authorized by 45cfr46.110 and 21cfr56.110.
The activities listed should not be deemed to be of minimal risk simply because they are included on this list. Inclusion on this list merely means that the activity is eligible for review through the expedited review procedure when the specific circumstances of the proposed research involve no more than minimal risk to human subjects.
The categories in this list apply regardless of the age of subjects, except as noted.
The expedited review procedure may not be used where identification of the subjects and/or their responses would reasonably place them at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects financial standing, employability, insurability, reputation, or be stigmatizing, unless reasonable and appropriate protections will be implemented so that risks related to invasion of privacy and breach of confidentiality are no greater than minimal.
The expedited review procedure may not be used for classified research involving human subjects.
IRBs are reminded that the standard requirements for informed consent (or its waiver, alteration, or exception) apply regardless of the type of review --expedited or fully convened -- utilized by the IRB.
Categories one (1) through seven (7) pertain to both initial and continuing IRB review.

Research Categories for Expedited Review

Clinical studies of drugs and medical devices only when condition (a) or (b) is met.
1. Research on drugs for which an investigational new drug application (IND) 21cfr312 is not required. (Note: Research on marketed drugs that significantly increases the risks or decreases the acceptability of the risks associated with the use of the product is not eligible for expedited review.)
2. Research on medical devices for which:

an investigational device exemption (IDE) application 21cfr812 is not required; or
the medical device is cleared/approved for marketing and the medical device is being used in accordance with itscleared/approved labeling.

Collection of blood samples by finger stick, heel stick, ear stick, or venipuncture as follows:
1. from healthy, nonpregnant adults who weigh at least 110 pounds. For these subjects, the amounts drawn may not exceed 550 ml in an 8 week period and collection may not occur more frequently than 2 times per week; or
2. from other adults and children*, considering the age, weight, and health of the subjects, the collection procedure, the amount of blood to be collected, and the frequency with which it will be collected. For these subjects, the amount drawn may not exceed the lesser of 50 ml or 3 ml per kg in an 8 week period and collection may not occur more frequently than 2 times per week.

*Children are defined in the HHS regulations as "persons who have not attained the legal age for consent to treatments or procedures involved in the research, under the applicable law of the jurisdiction in which the research will be conducted." 45cfr46.402

Prospective collection of biological specimens for research purposes by noninvasive means.

Examples:
(a) hair and nail clippings in a nondisfiguring manner;
(b) deciduous teeth at time of exfoliation or if routine patient care indicates a need for extraction;
(c) permanent teeth if routine patient care indicates a need for extraction;
(d) excreta and external secretions (including sweat);
(e) uncannulated saliva collected either in an unstimulated fashion or stimulated by chewing gumbase or wax or by applying a dilute citric solution to the tongue; (f) placenta removed at delivery;
(g) amniotic fluid obtained at the time of rupture of the membrane prior to or during labor;
(h) supra- and subgingival dental plaque and calculus, provided the collection procedure is not more invasive than routine prophylactic scaling of the teeth and the process is accomplished in accordance with accepted prophylactic techniques;
i) mucosal and skin cells collected by buccal scraping or swab, skin swab, or mouth washings;
(j) sputum collected after saline mist nebulization.

Collection of data through noninvasive procedures (not involving general anesthesia or sedation) routinely employed in clinical practice, excluding procedures involving x-rays or microwaves. Where medical devices are employed, they must be cleared/approved for marketing. (Studies intended to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the medical device are not generally eligible for expedited review, including studies of cleared medical devices for new indications.)

Examples:
(a) physical sensors that are applied either to the surface of the body or at a distance and do not involve input of significant amounts of energy into the subject or an invasion of the subject's privacy;
(b) weighing or testing sensory acuity;
(c) magnetic resonance imaging;
(d) electrocardiography, electroencephalography, thermography, detection of naturally occurring radioactivity, electroretinography, ultrasound, diagnostic infrared imaging, Doppler blood flow, and echocardiography;
(e) moderate exercise, muscular strength testing, body composition assessment, and flexibility testing where appropriate given the age, weight, and health of the individual.

Research involving materials (data, documents, records, or specimens) that have been collected, or will be collected solely for nonresearch purposes (such as medical treatment or diagnosis). (NOTE: Some research in this category may be exempt from the HHS regulations for the protection of human subjects). 45cfr46.101(b)(4)
Collection of data from voice, video, digital, or image recordings made for research purposes.
Research on individual or group characteristics or behavior (including, but not limited to, research on perception, cognition, motivation, identity, language, communication, cultural beliefs or practices, and social behavior) or research employing survey, interview, oral history, focus group, program evaluation, human factors evaluation, or quality assurance methodologies. (NOTE: Some research in this category may be exempt from the HHS regulations for the protection of human subjects. This listing refers only to research that is not exempt.)
Continuing review of research previously approved by the convened IRB as follows:
1. Where:
  1. the research is permanently closed to the enrollment of new subjects;
  2. all subjects have completed all research-related interventions; and
  3. the research remains active only for long-term follow-up of subjects; or
2. where no subjects have been enrolled and no additional risks have been identified; or
3. where the remaining research activities are limited to data analysis.
Continuing review of research, not conducted under an investigational new drug (IND) application or investigational device exemption (IDE) where categories two (2) through eight (8) do not apply but the IRB has determined and documented at a convened meeting that the research involves no greater than minimal risk and no additional risks have been identified.


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